TY - JOUR
T1 - Proton therapy in clinical practice
AU - Liu, Hui
AU - Chang, Joe Y.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Lance Miller for his early GIS analyses, and Steve Buckland, David Borchers, Tiago Marques and Jon Bishop for contributions to the development of workable survey methods, and the owners of Hacienda El Ceibal for the permission to study the cottontop tamarins in their forest and to all the land owners who granted us permission to survey their private forests. We thank the Corporaciones Autónomas Regionales de Colombia, CRA, CARDIQUE, CORPOURABA, CVS, CARSUCRE, CORANTIOQUIA, CORPOMOJANA and Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia for authorization to conduct surveys in areas under their jurisdiction. The study was funded by Disney’s Animal Programs, Minnesota Zoo Conservation Fund, AZA Conservation Endowment Fund and the Wildlife Conservation Network. We thank German Emeris, Jose Gregorio Olivares and local field assistants at the survey sites for their expertise.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Radiation dose escalation and acceleration improves local control but also increases toxicity. Proton radiation is an emerging therapy for localized cancers that is being sought with increasing frequency by patients. Compared with photon therapy, proton therapy spares more critical structures due to its unique physics. The physical properties of a proton beam make it ideal for clinical applications. By modulating the Bragg peak of protons in energy and time, a conformal radiation dose with or without intensity modulation can be delivered to the target while sparing the surrounding normal tissues. Thus, proton therapy is ideal when organ preservation is a priority. However, protons are more sensitive to organ motion and anatomy changes compared with photons. In this article, we review practical issues of proton therapy, describe its image-guided treatment planning and delivery, discuss clinical outcome for cancer patients, and suggest challenges and the future development of proton therapy.
AB - Radiation dose escalation and acceleration improves local control but also increases toxicity. Proton radiation is an emerging therapy for localized cancers that is being sought with increasing frequency by patients. Compared with photon therapy, proton therapy spares more critical structures due to its unique physics. The physical properties of a proton beam make it ideal for clinical applications. By modulating the Bragg peak of protons in energy and time, a conformal radiation dose with or without intensity modulation can be delivered to the target while sparing the surrounding normal tissues. Thus, proton therapy is ideal when organ preservation is a priority. However, protons are more sensitive to organ motion and anatomy changes compared with photons. In this article, we review practical issues of proton therapy, describe its image-guided treatment planning and delivery, discuss clinical outcome for cancer patients, and suggest challenges and the future development of proton therapy.
KW - Proton beam
KW - Radiotherapy
KW - Spread out bragg peak
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U2 - 10.5732/cjc.010.10529
DO - 10.5732/cjc.010.10529
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21527064
AN - SCOPUS:79958082136
SN - 1000-467X
VL - 30
SP - 315
EP - 326
JO - Chinese Journal of Cancer
JF - Chinese Journal of Cancer
IS - 5
ER -