TY - JOUR
T1 - Regional Node Basin Recurrence in Melanoma Patients
T2 - More Common After Node Dissection for Macroscopic Rather than Clinically Occult Nodal Disease
AU - Uppal, Abhineet
AU - Stern, Stacey
AU - Thompson, John F.
AU - Foshag, Leland
AU - Mizzollo, Nicola
AU - Nieweg, Omgo E.
AU - Hoekstra, Harald J.
AU - Roses, Daniel F.
AU - Sondak, Vernon K.
AU - Kashani-Sabet, Mohammed
AU - Coventry, Brendon J.
AU - Cochran, Alistair J.
AU - Fujita, Manabu
AU - Sim-Shin, Myung
AU - Elashoff, David
AU - Elashoff, Robert M.
AU - Faries, Mark B.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (R01CA189163).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Society of Surgical Oncology.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Background: Recommended treatment for patients with sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive melanoma has recently changed. Randomized trials demonstrated equivalent survival with close observation versus completion lymph node dissection (CLND), but increased regional node recurrence. We evaluated factors related to in-basin nodal recurrence after lymphadenectomy (LND) for SLN-positive or macroscopic nodal metastases. Methods: An institutional database and the first Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-I) were analyzed independently. Exclusions were multiple primaries, multi-basin involvement, or in-transit metastases. Patient demographics, primary tumor thickness and ulceration, lymph nodes retrieved, and use of adjuvant radiotherapy were analyzed. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine factors predicting in-basin nodal recurrence (significance p ≤ 0.05). Results: The retrospective cohort (577 patients) showed an in-basin failure rate of 6.6% after CLND for a positive SLN and 13.1% after LND for palpable disease (p = 0.001). This recurrence risk persisted after adjustment for patient, tumor, and LND factors [hazard ratio (HR) 2.32; p = 0.004]. In the MSLT-I cohort (326 patients), the failure rate after CLND following SLNB was 6.2%, but 10.1% after LND for palpable recurrence in observation patients. After adjustment for other factors, macroscopic disease was associated with an increased risk of recurrence after LND (HR 2.24; p = 0.05). Conclusion: After LND for melanoma, in-basin recurrence is infrequent, but a clinically significant fraction will fail. Failure is less likely if dissection is performed for clinically occult disease. Further research is warranted to evaluate the long-term regional control and quality of life associated with nodal basin observation, which has now become standard practice.
AB - Background: Recommended treatment for patients with sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive melanoma has recently changed. Randomized trials demonstrated equivalent survival with close observation versus completion lymph node dissection (CLND), but increased regional node recurrence. We evaluated factors related to in-basin nodal recurrence after lymphadenectomy (LND) for SLN-positive or macroscopic nodal metastases. Methods: An institutional database and the first Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-I) were analyzed independently. Exclusions were multiple primaries, multi-basin involvement, or in-transit metastases. Patient demographics, primary tumor thickness and ulceration, lymph nodes retrieved, and use of adjuvant radiotherapy were analyzed. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine factors predicting in-basin nodal recurrence (significance p ≤ 0.05). Results: The retrospective cohort (577 patients) showed an in-basin failure rate of 6.6% after CLND for a positive SLN and 13.1% after LND for palpable disease (p = 0.001). This recurrence risk persisted after adjustment for patient, tumor, and LND factors [hazard ratio (HR) 2.32; p = 0.004]. In the MSLT-I cohort (326 patients), the failure rate after CLND following SLNB was 6.2%, but 10.1% after LND for palpable recurrence in observation patients. After adjustment for other factors, macroscopic disease was associated with an increased risk of recurrence after LND (HR 2.24; p = 0.05). Conclusion: After LND for melanoma, in-basin recurrence is infrequent, but a clinically significant fraction will fail. Failure is less likely if dissection is performed for clinically occult disease. Further research is warranted to evaluate the long-term regional control and quality of life associated with nodal basin observation, which has now become standard practice.
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U2 - 10.1245/s10434-019-08086-0
DO - 10.1245/s10434-019-08086-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 31863416
AN - SCOPUS:85076729147
SN - 1068-9265
VL - 27
SP - 1970
EP - 1977
JO - Annals of surgical oncology
JF - Annals of surgical oncology
IS - 6
ER -