TY - CHAP
T1 - Regulation of Immune Cells by microRNAs and microRNA-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
AU - Veiga, Rafaela Nasser
AU - Zambalde, Érika Pereira
AU - Cox, Livia
AU - Jucoski, Tayana Shultz
AU - Kohler, Ana Flávia
AU - Carvalho, Tamyres Mingorance
AU - Rodrigues, Ana Carolina
AU - Ludwig, Beatriz
AU - Crowley, Kaitlyn
AU - de Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho
AU - Cortez, Maria Angelica
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~21 nucleotides) endogenous noncoding RNA molecules involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Modulation of gene expression by miRNAs occurs via base-pairing of the specific miRNA primary sequence to its corresponding target messenger RNA, which can be located either in the 3′ untranslated region or within the coding sequence. This pairing can lead to either translational repression or cleavage of the mRNA, resulting in reduced levels of the target protein. MiRNAs are involved in mediating and controlling several interactions between immune and cancer cells and are also important regulators of immune responses. Increasing interest has focused on elucidating the role of miRNAs in the regulation of anticancer immune responses and how this could affect the efficacy of different cancer therapeutics. Indeed, immune responses have both pro- and anti-oncogenic effects, and functional interactions between immune and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment are crucial in determining the course of cancer progression. Thus, understanding the role of miRNAs in controlling cancer immunity is important for revealing mechanisms that could be modulated to enhance the success of immunotherapy for patients with cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of immune cells and potential therapeutic approaches in which miRNAs are used for cancer immunotherapy.
AB - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~21 nucleotides) endogenous noncoding RNA molecules involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Modulation of gene expression by miRNAs occurs via base-pairing of the specific miRNA primary sequence to its corresponding target messenger RNA, which can be located either in the 3′ untranslated region or within the coding sequence. This pairing can lead to either translational repression or cleavage of the mRNA, resulting in reduced levels of the target protein. MiRNAs are involved in mediating and controlling several interactions between immune and cancer cells and are also important regulators of immune responses. Increasing interest has focused on elucidating the role of miRNAs in the regulation of anticancer immune responses and how this could affect the efficacy of different cancer therapeutics. Indeed, immune responses have both pro- and anti-oncogenic effects, and functional interactions between immune and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment are crucial in determining the course of cancer progression. Thus, understanding the role of miRNAs in controlling cancer immunity is important for revealing mechanisms that could be modulated to enhance the success of immunotherapy for patients with cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of immune cells and potential therapeutic approaches in which miRNAs are used for cancer immunotherapy.
KW - Cancer
KW - Immune cells
KW - Immune checkpoint molecules
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - miRNA
KW - Tumor microenvironment
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U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-08356-3_3
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-08356-3_3
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 36352211
AN - SCOPUS:85141462649
T3 - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
SP - 75
EP - 108
BT - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
PB - Springer
ER -