TY - JOUR
T1 - Rewiring cancer drivers to activate apoptosis
AU - Gourisankar, Sai
AU - Krokhotin, Andrey
AU - Ji, Wenzhi
AU - Liu, Xiaofan
AU - Chang, Chiung Ying
AU - Kim, Samuel H.
AU - Li, Zhengnian
AU - Wenderski, Wendy
AU - Simanauskaite, Juste M.
AU - Yang, Haopeng
AU - Vogel, Hannes
AU - Zhang, Tinghu
AU - Green, Michael R.
AU - Gray, Nathanael S.
AU - Crabtree, Gerald R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2023/8/10
Y1 - 2023/8/10
N2 - Genes that drive the proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis of malignant cells have been identified for many human cancers 1–4. Independent studies have identified cell death pathways that eliminate cells for the good of the organism 5,6. The coexistence of cell death pathways with driver mutations suggests that the cancer driver could be rewired to activate cell death using chemical inducers of proximity (CIPs). Here we describe a new class of molecules called transcriptional/epigenetic CIPs (TCIPs) that recruit the endogenous cancer driver, or a downstream transcription factor, to the promoters of cell death genes, thereby activating their expression. We focused on diffuse large B cell lymphoma, in which the transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is deregulated 7. BCL6 binds to the promoters of cell death genes and epigenetically suppresses their expression 8. We produced TCIPs by covalently linking small molecules that bind BCL6 to those that bind to transcriptional activators that contribute to the oncogenic program, such as BRD4. The most potent molecule, TCIP1, increases binding of BRD4 by 50% over genomic BCL6-binding sites to produce transcriptional elongation at pro-apoptotic target genes within 15 min, while reducing binding of BRD4 over enhancers by only 10%, reflecting a gain-of-function mechanism. TCIP1 kills diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell lines, including chemotherapy-resistant, TP53-mutant lines, at EC50 of 1–10 nM in 72 h and exhibits cell-specific and tissue-specific effects, capturing the combinatorial specificity inherent to transcription. The TCIP concept also has therapeutic applications in regulating the expression of genes for regenerative medicine and developmental disorders.
AB - Genes that drive the proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis of malignant cells have been identified for many human cancers 1–4. Independent studies have identified cell death pathways that eliminate cells for the good of the organism 5,6. The coexistence of cell death pathways with driver mutations suggests that the cancer driver could be rewired to activate cell death using chemical inducers of proximity (CIPs). Here we describe a new class of molecules called transcriptional/epigenetic CIPs (TCIPs) that recruit the endogenous cancer driver, or a downstream transcription factor, to the promoters of cell death genes, thereby activating their expression. We focused on diffuse large B cell lymphoma, in which the transcription factor B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is deregulated 7. BCL6 binds to the promoters of cell death genes and epigenetically suppresses their expression 8. We produced TCIPs by covalently linking small molecules that bind BCL6 to those that bind to transcriptional activators that contribute to the oncogenic program, such as BRD4. The most potent molecule, TCIP1, increases binding of BRD4 by 50% over genomic BCL6-binding sites to produce transcriptional elongation at pro-apoptotic target genes within 15 min, while reducing binding of BRD4 over enhancers by only 10%, reflecting a gain-of-function mechanism. TCIP1 kills diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell lines, including chemotherapy-resistant, TP53-mutant lines, at EC50 of 1–10 nM in 72 h and exhibits cell-specific and tissue-specific effects, capturing the combinatorial specificity inherent to transcription. The TCIP concept also has therapeutic applications in regulating the expression of genes for regenerative medicine and developmental disorders.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41586-023-06348-2
DO - 10.1038/s41586-023-06348-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 37495688
AN - SCOPUS:85165674106
SN - 0028-0836
VL - 620
SP - 417
EP - 425
JO - Nature
JF - Nature
IS - 7973
ER -