Rhinoscleroma and rhinosporidiosis

For North American otolaryngologists, rhinoscleroma and rhinosporidiosis are moving more into the differential diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper airway, particularly the nasal cavity. This change is occasioned by the influx of immigrants from parts of the world to which the diseases are endemic. Diagnosis is established by identification of the causal organisms, the readily seen Rhinosporidium seeberi for rhinosporidiosis and the more elusive Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis for rhinoscleroma.