Abstract
By the use of a mouse model, the enteropathic effects of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) surface unit (SU) envelope glycoprotein were explored. Purified SU (0.01-0.45 nmol) was administered intraperitoneally to 6- to 8-day-old mouse pups and induced a dose-dependent diarrheal response. Surgical introduction of SU into adult mouse intestinal loops revealed fluid accumulation without histological alterations and SU-treated unstripped intestinal mucosa induced chloride (Cl−) secretory currents in Ussing chambers. Similarly to rotavirus NSP4, the first described viral enterotoxin, SU induced a transient increase in intracellular calcium levels and increased inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate (IP3) levels in HT-29 cells. These data indicate the calcium response is mediated by IP3. The presence of diarrhea and fluid accumulation within intestinal loops in the absence of histological alterations and induction of Cl− secretory currents demonstrate that SIV contains an enterotoxic domain localized within SU and is the second viral enterotoxin described. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 250-261 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Virology |
Volume | 277 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2000 |
Keywords
- Calcium mobilization
- Chloride secretion
- Diarrhea
- Envelope glycoprotein
- SIV
- Viral enterotoxin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Virology