TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of physical training on neutrophil extracellular traps in young male athletes - A pilot study
AU - Orysiak, Joanna
AU - Tripathi, Jitendra K.
AU - Brodaczewska, Klaudia
AU - Sharma, Atul
AU - Witek, Konrad
AU - Sitkowski, Dariusz
AU - Malczewska-Lenczowska, Jadwiga
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the ice hockey players and coaches who participated in the study. The study was financially supported from the budget of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Poland, for the maintenance and development of research potential as a research project of the Institute of Sport – National Research Institute (grant number: 102.16).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Institute of Sport. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Neutrophils are an important component of the innate immune response against various pathogens. However, there is a lack of research concerning the effects of short intensive training on neutrophil functions, especially neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation. The study aim was to determine the effects of a 19-day training cycle on innate immunity among young male athletes. Six male ice hockey players (< 20 years old) from the Polish national team were monitored across a five-day training camp and after a return to normal club training. The first blood collection took place before training (T1), the second after the training camp (T2) and the third 14 days later (T3). The counts/concentrations of blood biochemical, immune and endocrine markers were compared across each training period. Creatine kinase activity tended to increase at T2 (546 ± 216 U L-1) when compared to T1 (191 ± 111 U L-1; p=0.063). Neutrophil extracellular traps formation and neutrophil counts also differed between training periods (p=0.042 and p=0.042, respectively). Neutrophil counts tended to decrease, in contrast to NET formation which tended to rise, at T2 in comparison to T1 (2.51 ± 0.45 vs 3.04 ± 0.47 109 L-1; 24 ± 13 vs 8 ± 15%, respectively). No significant differences in other leucocyte counts were observed. A short period of intensive training was accompanied by some muscle damage and inflammation, as evidenced by CK and NET up-regulation, whilst neutrophil counts were diminished in the blood. Thus, neutrophils and NET could be involved in muscle damage and local inflammatory processes following intensive physical training in young male athletes.
AB - Neutrophils are an important component of the innate immune response against various pathogens. However, there is a lack of research concerning the effects of short intensive training on neutrophil functions, especially neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) formation. The study aim was to determine the effects of a 19-day training cycle on innate immunity among young male athletes. Six male ice hockey players (< 20 years old) from the Polish national team were monitored across a five-day training camp and after a return to normal club training. The first blood collection took place before training (T1), the second after the training camp (T2) and the third 14 days later (T3). The counts/concentrations of blood biochemical, immune and endocrine markers were compared across each training period. Creatine kinase activity tended to increase at T2 (546 ± 216 U L-1) when compared to T1 (191 ± 111 U L-1; p=0.063). Neutrophil extracellular traps formation and neutrophil counts also differed between training periods (p=0.042 and p=0.042, respectively). Neutrophil counts tended to decrease, in contrast to NET formation which tended to rise, at T2 in comparison to T1 (2.51 ± 0.45 vs 3.04 ± 0.47 109 L-1; 24 ± 13 vs 8 ± 15%, respectively). No significant differences in other leucocyte counts were observed. A short period of intensive training was accompanied by some muscle damage and inflammation, as evidenced by CK and NET up-regulation, whilst neutrophil counts were diminished in the blood. Thus, neutrophils and NET could be involved in muscle damage and local inflammatory processes following intensive physical training in young male athletes.
KW - Inflammatory markers
KW - Innate immunity
KW - Intensive training
KW - Muscle damage
KW - Neutrophils
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U2 - 10.5114/BIOLSPORT.2021.101117
DO - 10.5114/BIOLSPORT.2021.101117
M3 - Article
C2 - 34475627
AN - SCOPUS:85106892666
SN - 0860-021X
VL - 38
SP - 459
EP - 464
JO - Biology of Sport
JF - Biology of Sport
IS - 3
ER -