Transplant Oncology: An Emerging Discipline of Cancer Treatment

Maen Abdelrahim, Abdullah Esmail, Ala Abudayyeh, Naoka Murakami, David Victor, Sudha Kodali, Yee Lee Cheah, Caroline J. Simon, Mazen Noureddin, Ashton Connor, Ashish Saharia, Linda W. Moore, Kirk Heyne, Ahmed O. Kaseb, A. Osama Gaber, Rafik Mark Ghobrial

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Transplant oncology is an emerging concept of cancer treatment with a promising prospective outcome. The applications of oncology, transplant medicine, and surgery are the core of transplant oncology to improve patients’ survival and quality of life. The main concept of transplant oncology is to radically cure cancer by removing the diseased organ and replacing it with a healthy one, aiming to improve the survival outcomes and quality of life of cancer patients. Subsequently, it seeks to expand the treatment options and research for hepatobiliary malignancies, which have seen significantly improved survival outcomes after the implementation of liver transplantation (LT). In the case of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the transplant setting, where the liver is the most common site of metastasis of patients who are considered to have unresectable disease, initial studies have shown improved survival for LT treatment compared to palliative therapy interventions. The indications of LT for hepatobiliary malignancies have been slowly expanded over the years beyond Milan criteria in a stepwise manner. However, the outcome improvements and overall patient survival are limited to the specifics of the setting and systematic intervention options. This review aims to illustrate the representative concepts and history of transplant oncology as an emerging discipline for the management of hepatobiliary malignancies, in addition to other emerging concepts, such as the uses of immunotherapy in a peri-transplant setting as well as the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for surveillance post-transplantation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number5337
JournalCancers
Volume15
Issue number22
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2023

Keywords

  • cholangiocarcinoma
  • circulating tumor DNA
  • colorectal cancers
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • immunotherapy
  • liver metastases
  • liver transplantation
  • neuroendocrine tumor
  • transplant oncology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

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