Tumor Biology: Implications for Management

During carcinogenesis, multiple genetic alterations accumulate within a group of cells. Activation of oncogenes and upregulation of growth factors may result in continuous proliferation of tumor cells. While inactivation of tumor suppressor genes may release the cell cycle block and disrupt apoptosis. The net effect is unregulated tumor growth. Recent advances in molecular biology have provided us with many opportunities for intervention; a large number of novel approaches for detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer are now in clinical trails. Monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy, and immunotherapy are some of the most promising areas of cancer research.