TY - JOUR
T1 - Reconstitution of the gut microbiota of antibiotic-treated patients by autologous fecal microbiota transplant
AU - Taur, Ying
AU - Coyte, Katharine
AU - Schluter, Jonas
AU - Robilotti, Elizabeth
AU - Figueroa, Cesar
AU - Gjonbalaj, Mergim
AU - Littmann, Eric R.
AU - Ling, Lilan
AU - Miller, Liza
AU - Gyaltshen, Yangtsho
AU - Fontana, Emily
AU - Morjaria, Sejal
AU - Gyurkocza, Boglarka
AU - Perales, Miguel Angel
AU - Castro-Malaspina, Hugo
AU - Tamari, Roni
AU - Ponce, Doris
AU - Koehne, Guenther
AU - Barker, Juliet
AU - Jakubowski, Ann
AU - Papadopoulos, Esperanza
AU - Dahi, Parastoo
AU - Sauter, Craig
AU - Shaffer, Brian
AU - Young, James W.
AU - Peled, Jonathan
AU - Meagher, Richard C.
AU - Jenq, Robert R.
AU - Van Den Brink, Marcel R.M.
AU - Giralt, Sergio A.
AU - Pamer, Eric G.
AU - Xavier, Joao B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 The Authors.
PY - 2018/9/26
Y1 - 2018/9/26
N2 - Antibiotic treatment can deplete the commensal bacteria of a patient's gut microbiota and, paradoxically, increase their risk of subsequent infections. In allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), antibiotic administration is essential for optimal clinical outcomes but significantly disrupts intestinal microbiota diversity, leading to loss of many beneficial microbes. Although gut microbiota diversity loss during allo-HSCT is associated with increased mortality, approaches to reestablish depleted commensal bacteria have yet to be developed. We have initiated a randomized, controlled clinical trial of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (auto-FMT) versus no intervention and have analyzed the intestinal microbiota profiles of 25 allo-HSCT patients (14 who received auto-FMT treatment and 11 control patients who did not). Changes in gut microbiota diversity and composition revealed that the auto-FMT intervention boosted microbial diversity and reestablished the intestinal microbiota composition that the patient had before antibiotic treatment and allo-HSCT. These results demonstrate the potential for fecal sample banking and posttreatment remediation of a patient's gut microbiota after microbiota-depleting antibiotic treatment during allo-HSCT.
AB - Antibiotic treatment can deplete the commensal bacteria of a patient's gut microbiota and, paradoxically, increase their risk of subsequent infections. In allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), antibiotic administration is essential for optimal clinical outcomes but significantly disrupts intestinal microbiota diversity, leading to loss of many beneficial microbes. Although gut microbiota diversity loss during allo-HSCT is associated with increased mortality, approaches to reestablish depleted commensal bacteria have yet to be developed. We have initiated a randomized, controlled clinical trial of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation (auto-FMT) versus no intervention and have analyzed the intestinal microbiota profiles of 25 allo-HSCT patients (14 who received auto-FMT treatment and 11 control patients who did not). Changes in gut microbiota diversity and composition revealed that the auto-FMT intervention boosted microbial diversity and reestablished the intestinal microbiota composition that the patient had before antibiotic treatment and allo-HSCT. These results demonstrate the potential for fecal sample banking and posttreatment remediation of a patient's gut microbiota after microbiota-depleting antibiotic treatment during allo-HSCT.
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U2 - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aap9489
DO - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aap9489
M3 - Article
C2 - 30257956
AN - SCOPUS:85054102634
SN - 1946-6234
VL - 10
JO - Science translational medicine
JF - Science translational medicine
IS - 460
M1 - eaap9489
ER -